According to President Trump, “Tariff is the most beautiful word in the dictionary.” Throughout his presidential campaign, Trump promised to use tariffs as a central part of his foreign policy strategy. His America First Trade Policy memorandum also directs the administration to review various tariff- and tariff-adjacent levers the United States could use to further its new trade policy.
Reed Smith’s International Trade and National Security team tracks the latest threatened and implemented U.S. tariffs, as well as counter-tariffs from other countries around the world.
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Country-specific tariffs
Updated: April 3, 2025 at 7:00PM ET
| Country | Status | Ad Valorem Tariff Rate | Scope1 | Additional Information | Countermeasures Announced |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Reciprocal tariffs: Implemented (effective Apr. 5, 2025) Threatened to start on or after Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) Threatened “secondary tariffs” (Mar. 30, 2025) | 10% baseline (unless replaced by a country-specific rate below) 25% 25–50% | All products (see exceptions below) All products from any country that imports Venezuelan oil All products from any country that imports Iranian or Russian oil | See related publications below For trading partners with a country-specific rate below: From April 5 until the country-specific rate goes into effect on April 9, the 10% baseline reciprocal tariff rate will apply. Executive Order (Apr. 2, 2025) Reciprocal Trade and Tariffs Memorandum (Feb. 13, 2025) Exec. Order 14245 (Mar. 24, 2025) | |
| Algeria | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 30% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Angola | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 32% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Austria | Threatened (Feb. 21, 2025) | TBD | TBD | See also EU Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may renew Section 301 investigation to address digital services taxes (DSTs) | |
| Bangladesh | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 37% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Belarus | Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time | ||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 36% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Botswana | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 38% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| BRICS2 | Threatened (Jan. 30, 2025) | 100% | All products | ||
| Brunei | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 24% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Cambodia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 49% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Cameroon | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 12% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Canada | Implemented (effective Mar. 4, 2025; adjusted Mar. 6, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 7, 2025) | 0% 10% 10% 25% 250% | Goods entered duty free under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), effective Mar. 7, 2025 Energy or energy resources Potash that is not entered duty free under the USMCA, effective Mar. 7, 2025 All other products Dairy products and lumber | See related publications below Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time De minimis exemption remains available until further notice Exec. Order 14231 (Mar. 6, 2025) Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may initiate Section 302 investigation to address DSTs Exec. Order 14197 (Feb. 3, 2025) Exec. Order 14193 (Feb. 1, 2025) | Effective Apr. 3, 2025: (a) 25% ad valorem tariffs on (a) non-USMCA compliant fully assembled vehicles; and (b) non-Canadian and non-Mexican content of USMCA-compliant fully assembled vehicles imported from the United states Effective Mar. 13, 2025: 25% ad valorem tariffs on CAD $29.8 billion worth of U.S.-origin goods The Ontario government suspended its 25% surcharge on all electricity exports to the United States (Mar. 11, 2025) Effective Mar. 4, 2025: 25% ad valorem tariff on $30 billion worth of U.S.-origin goods Effective date expected Apr. 2: 25% ad valorem tariff on $125 billion worth of additional goods |
| Chad | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 13% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| China | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) Implemented (effective Feb. 4, 2025; increased Mar. 4, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 34% 20% 25% | All products, including Hong Kong- and Macau-origin goods (see exceptions below) All products, including Hong Kong-origin goods All products | See related publications below Duty-free de minimis exemption revoked (effective May 2, 2025) Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs Executive Order (Apr. 2, 2025) Exec. Order 14228 (Mar. 3, 2025) Exec. Order 14195 (Feb. 1, 2025) | Effective Mar. 10, 2025: (a) 15% ad valorem tariffs on U.S.-origin chicken, cotton, corn, and wheat (b) 10% ad valorem tariffs on U.S.-origin aquatic products, beef, dairy products, fruit, pork, sorghum, soybeans, and vegetables Effective Mar. 4, 2025: imports of U.S.-origin logs suspended Effective Feb. 10, 2025: (a) 15% ad valorem tariffs on supercooled natural gas and coal from the U.S. (b) 10% ad valorem tariffs on U.S.-origin crude oil Effective date TBD: export controls on tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum and indium products |
| Colombia | Threatened and rescinded (Jan. 26, 2025) | 25% | All products | ||
| Côte d’Ivoire | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 21% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Cuba | Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time | ||||
| Democratic Republic of Congo | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 11% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Dominican Republic | Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 25% | All products | Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| Equatorial Guinea | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 13% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| EU | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) Threatened (Feb. 26, 2025) Threatened (Mar. 13, 2025) | 20% 25% 200% | All products (see exceptions below) TBD Alcohol products, including champagne and wine | During a cabinet meeting on February 26, President Trump said the announcement will be made “very soon.” Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) | Effective Apr. 13: additional duties ranging from 4.4% to 50% will be imposed on €8 billion worth of goods (see Annexes I and II to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/886 and Article 1(2) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/502) Effective date TBD: (expected to be mid-April): additional duties on another €18 billion worth of goods |
| Falkland Islands | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 42% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Fiji | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 32% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| France | Threatened (Feb. 21, 2025) | TBD | TBD | See also EU Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may renew Section 301 investigation to address DSTs | |
| Guyana | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 38% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| India | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 27% 25% | All products (see exceptions below) All products | Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| Indonesia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 32% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Iraq | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 39% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Israel | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 17% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Japan | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 24% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Jordan | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 20% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Kazakhstan | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 27% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Laos | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 48% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Lesotho | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 50% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Libya | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 31% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Liechtenstein | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 37% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Madagascar | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 47% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Malaysia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 24% 25% | All products (see exceptions below) All products | Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| Mauritius | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 40% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Mexico | Implemented (effective Mar. 4, 2025; adjusted Mar. 5, 2025) | 0% 10% 25% | Goods entered duty free under the USMCA, effective Mar. 7, 2025 Potash that is not entered duty free under the USMCA, effective Mar. 7, 2025 All other products | See related publications below Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time De minimis exemption remains available until further notice Exec. Order 14232 (Mar. 6, 2025) Exec. Order 14198 (Feb. 3, 2025) Exec. Order 14194 (Feb. 1, 2025) | President Sheinbaum did not announce counter-tariffs on March 9, saying her “respectful dialogue” with the United States “has yielded results” and will likely “continue to do so.” |
| Moldova | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 31% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Mozambique | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 16% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Myanmar (Burma) | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 45% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Namibia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 21% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Nicaragua | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 19% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Nigeria | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 14% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| North Korea | Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time | ||||
| North Macedonia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 33% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Norway | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 16% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Pakistan | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 30% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Philippines | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 18% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Russia | Threatened (Jan. 22, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | TBD 25% | TBD All products | Reciprocal tariff exemption: imports not subject to reciprocal tariffs at this time Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| South Africa | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 31% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| South Korea | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 26% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Singapore | Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 25% | All products | Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| Spain | Threatened (Feb. 21, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | TBD 25% | TBD All products | See also EU Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may renew Section 301 investigation to address DSTs | |
| Sri Lanka | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 44% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Switzerland | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 32% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Taiwan | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 32% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Thailand | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 37% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Tunisia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 28% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Turkey | Threatened (Feb. 21, 2025) | TBD | TBD | Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may renew Section 301 investigation to address DSTs | |
| United Kingdom | Threatened (Feb. 21, 2025) | TBD | TBD | Defending American Corporations and Innovators from Overseas Extortion Memo (Feb. 21, 2025) USTR may renew Section 301 investigation to address DSTs | |
| Venezuela | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 15% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Vietnam | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 24, 2025) | 46% 25% | All products (see exceptions below) All products | Purchaser of Venezuelan oil, which may trigger additional tariffs | |
| Zambia | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 17% | All products (see exceptions below) | ||
| Zimbabwe | Reciprocal tariff: Implemented (effective Apr. 9, 2025) | 18% | All products (see exceptions below) |
Worldwide, product-specific tariffs
Updated: April 3, 2025 at 7:00PM ET
| Product | Status | Ad Valorem Tariff Rate | Scope | Additional Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural products | Threatened to start Apr. 2 (Mar. 3, 2025) | TBD | TBD | |
| Aluminum | Implemented (effective Mar. 12, 2025) | 25% | See HTSUS Chapter 99, Notes 19(g) and 19(i)-(k) Effective Apr. 4: includes beer (2203.00.00, HTSUS) and empty aluminum cans (7612.90.10, HTSUS) | See related publications below Reciprocal tariff exception: aluminum and derivative products subject to Section 232 tariffs are not subject to the reciprocal tariffs All country exclusions from the existing Section 232 tariffs on aluminum and derivative aluminum articles are revoked. Individual exclusions and General Authorized Exclusions are also being revoked. Increases the tariff rate from 10% to 25%. Expands the list of derivative products subject to the tariffs (effective Mar. 12, 2025). Proclamation 10895 (Feb. 10, 2025) |
| Automobiles | Implemented (effective Apr. 3, 2025) | 25% | See HTSUS Chapter 99, notes 33(a)-(e) | Reciprocal tariff exception: automobiles subject to Section 232 tariffs are not subject to the reciprocal tariffs For automobiles that qualify for preferential treatment under the USMCA, the tariff will apply to the non-U.S. content. Proclamation 10908 (Mar. 26, 2025) |
| Automobile parts | Implemented (effective May 3, 2025) | 25% | See HTSUS Chapter 99, notes 33(g)-(h) | Reciprocal tariff exception: automobile parts subject to Section 232 tariffs at the time of import are not subject to the reciprocal tariffs Parts that qualify for preferential treatment under the USMCA will initially be exempt. The Commerce Department will establish a process for applying the tariff exclusively to the value of the non-U.S. content in these parts and then publish notice of that process in the Federal Register. By June 24, 2025, the Commerce Department will establish a process for including additional parts within the scope of this tariff. Proclamation 10908 (Mar. 26, 2025) |
| Copper | Threatened (Feb. 25, 2025) | 25% | TBD | Commerce initiated a Section 232 investigation. A report is due to the President by November 22, 2025. Exec. Order 14220 (Feb. 25, 2025) |
| Integrated circuits | Threatened (Jan. 31, 2025) | TBD | TBD | |
| Lumber, timber, and derivative products | Threatened (Mar. 3, 2025) | 25% | TBD | Commerce initiated a Section 232 investigation. A report is due to the President by November 26, 2025. Exec. Order 14223 (Mar. 1, 2025) |
| Oil and gas | Threatened to start Feb. 18, 2025 (Jan. 31, 2025) | TBD | TBD | |
| Medicine and pharmaceuticals | Threatened (Feb. 18, 2025) | 25% or higher | TBD | Expected to “go very substantially higher over the course of a year,” according to Trump. |
| Semiconductors | Threatened (Feb. 18, 2025) | 25% or higher | TBD | Expected to “go very substantially higher over the course of a year,” according to Trump. |
| Steel | Implemented (effective Mar. 12, 2025) | 25% | See HTSUS Chapter 99, notes 16(j), 16(l)-(m) | See related publications below Reciprocal tariff exception: steel and derivative products subject to Section 232 tariffs are not subject to the reciprocal tariffs All country exclusions from the existing Section 232 tariffs on aluminum and derivative aluminum articles are revoked. Individual exclusions and General Authorized Exclusions are also being revoked. Expands the list of derivative products subject to the tariffs (effective Mar. 12, 2025). Proclamation 10896 (Feb. 10, 2025) |
Reciprocal tariff exceptions
The reciprocal tariffs do not apply in the following circumstances:
- Goods loaded onto a vessel at the port of loading and in transit on the final mode of transport before the reciprocal tariffs take effect will not be subject to the baseline or country-specific ad valorem tariffs (as applicable).
- Articles and derivatives of steel and aluminum that are already subject to Section 232 tariffs are excluded.
- Automobile and automobile parts that are subject to Section 232 tariffs at the time of import are excluded.
- Additional articles listed in Annex II to the executive order, including copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber articles, certain critical minerals, and energy and energy products, are excluded.
Updates and relevant publications
- Apr. 2, 2025: U.S. imposes 10% baseline tariffs; higher reciprocal tariffs for targeted countries (updated Apr. 3, 2025)
- Mar. 28, 2025: What impact will President Trump’s reciprocal tariffs have on the United Kingdom?
- Mar. 27, 2025: In response to the new U.S. tariffs on automobiles and automobile parts, the Chair of the International Trade Committee in the European Parliament suggested placing tariffs on U.S. digital services.
- Mar. 25: 2025: Tariff mitigation through alternative sourcing: Navigating customs country of origin compliance risks
- Mar. 24, 2025: President Trump signed an executive order granting the Secretary of States discretion to impose a 25% tariff on imports of goods from any country that directly or indirectly purchases Venezuelan oil, effective April 2, 2025. Unless terminated earlier, the tariffs will expire on year after the last date on which the country imported Venezuelan oil. “Venezuelan oil” means crude oil or petroleum products extracted, refined, or exported from Venezuela, regardless of the nationality of the entity involved in the production or sale of such crude oil or petroleum products.
- Mar. 11, 2025: The Commerce Department initiated Section 232 investigations into imports of copper and timber and lumber. The deadline to submit comments is April 1, 2025.
- Mar. 3, 2025: The following Federal Register notices implementing the following tariffs were made available for public inspection: (1) adjusted Section 232 tariffs on steel imports; (2) adjusted Section 232 tariffs on aluminum imports; (3) tariffs on imports of Canadian-origin goods; and (4) tariffs on imports of Mexican-origin goods.
- Feb. 25, 2025: The USTR is seeking public comments, on a country-by-country basis, about any unfair trade practice or non-reciprocal trade arrangement. The deadline to submit comments is March 11, 2025.
- Feb. 17, 2025: The EU released a Q&A document on the United States’ reciprocal tariff policy. The document does not outline specific countermeasures the EU intends to implement but does indicate that the EU remains open to negotiations with the U.S. on balanced trade.
- Feb. 11, 2025: Trump adjusts steel and aluminum tariff; directs Customs to increase enforcement
- Feb. 4, 2025: U.S. and China in tariff tit for tat; Canadian and Mexican tariffs delayed
- Feb. 3, 2025: U.S. imposes tariffs on Canada, China, and Mexico; retaliation promised
- Jan. 28, 2025: Key investigations and enforcement trends: Top takeaways for 2025
- Nov. 6, 2024: International trade in a second Trump presidency
